Life in the 1950s
Cold war (1949 - 1989)
-Communism: Everything belongs to the country, government pays directly to people
-Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, North Korea, China, Cuba
-USA: Democracy: free to vote and make businesses at will
-Russia and USA had strong conflicts of communism and democratic capitalism
-Problem: both had strong nuclear weapons and natural resources
-They scared eachother with nuclear bombs because if one country used it, the other will die also
-Igor Gazenko was a spy in Canada, Canada thought it would be attacked
1957- Russia launched a satellite into space: Sputnik, thought to be used for spying
1958- USA launched it’s satellite and formed NASA
-Nuclear Warfare
-Canadians taught to protect themselves during warfare
-Duck and cover
-Air-Raids were installed
-Built bomb shelters
-Canada/USA not war torn after the war. Businesses still functioned, no need for communism and government.
-Germany and European countries had their division of communism and democracy
-Germany divided into 2 parts, communism and democracy
-Berlin Wall: Berlin split into 2 using a wall
-Democrats isolated inside by communist Russians
-China’s Civil war for communism
-1940 Chiang Kai-Shek for Nationalist and Communist Mao Zedong
-Communists won, China a communist country
Korean War (1950-1953)
-Superpowers did not want to fight directly
-Civil war in korea sparked due to communism and capitalist conflicts
-North -> Communist -> Russia supported
-South -> Democratic -> USA Supported
-Massive casualties and Armistice 7/27 with USA consulting UN. No result
Vietnam War (1959 - 1975)
-Communist North and Democratic South Vietnam
-CAD did not join, knew there’s going to be no outcome. Many went with USA
-Americans fled to Canada to avoid war after
-First war seen in media. Led to the Hippies generation to simply promote peace
-North succeeded, Americans left.
1950s 1960s
Soldiers returned and European countries wanted many Canadian products
Canada built many city improvements and many mega projects
High school drop outs were high as people went on to make plenty of kids
-Baby boomer caused many things
-Employment rates and opportunities grew
-Accommodation/homes rates grew
-New businesses
-Women stayed home a lot
-Cost of living extremely low
Lifestyle:
Men:
-Gelled hair
-Jeans
-Casual/colourful clothing and converse shoes
Women
-Mothers clothing
-casual long skirts
-high heels
-long curly hair
Teenagers
-clean thoughts, obeys rules, neutral emotions
Music
-Bubble Gum Music
-Sweet, nice lyrics
-post WWII feelings
-wholesome singers
1960s
Cultures
Music
-Beatles - English Pop/rock band
-Rolling Stones - English drumming band
-Neil Young - Canadian drummer
-Jimi Hendricks - Guitarist
Movies
-To kill a Mocking Bird
-Sounds of Music
Overall Peaceful and relaxed mood in the 1960s to promote peace and hippy movement
Gov’t and rights styles
Chinese allowed to vote
Women equal wages as men
USA Civil Rights Movement
-Movement to challenge racism Blacks vs Whites
-Slavery Abolishment
-Martin Luther King Jr led many anti racism acts
French English Relations
October Crisis
FLQ and separatists wanted independence from Quebec and created the Front de Liberation de Quebec
10/5/1970 - James Cross meets Canada from Britain
-Kidnapped by FLQ
-Demanded freedom
10/10/1970 - Minister of Labour vice president Pierre Laporte
-Kidnapped after leaving an anti FLQ conference
10/15/1970 - FLQ gain support from public meetings
-planned rally this evening
-laporte and cross still missing, undercovers arranged
10/17/1970 -Laporte found dead in a car trunk
-wanted $500,000 in gold, public broadcast and passing of FLQ prisoners
Trudeau used war measures act to use full control and arrest french people, shutting down the FLQ
Rene Levesque: Quebecois party leader who politically pushed for independence
Just Society
Massey Report
-William Massey said that Canada is losing it’s unique culture
-Said Canada should put more money into improving it’s culture
-Arts etc. But not everyone had equal or fair support